Plain-language definitions of the spine anatomy, disc conditions, and treatment terms you are most likely to encounter when researching back pain — from annulus fibrosus and annular tears to intra-annular fibrin injection and regenerative medicine.

Before recommending any treatment, our clinical team conducts a thorough evaluation — medical history, physical examination, and imaging review — to identify the true source of your pain and determine whether regenerative care may be appropriate for your condition. Candidacy is assessed individually; outcomes vary.

A herniated disc can cause radiating pain, numbness, and weakness. Explore causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and non-surgical treatment options — including biologic disc repair. Outcomes vary by case; candidates are evaluated individually.

Good candidates for intra-annular fibrin injection typically include patients with chronic discogenic back or neck pain, confirmed annular tears on MRI, and inadequate relief from conservative care. Candidacy is evaluated individually — outcomes vary by case.

Degenerative disc disease (DDD) causes gradual disc breakdown that may lead to chronic back or neck pain. Not everyone with DDD develops disabling symptoms, and treatment outcomes vary by individual. This guide explains how DDD progresses, how it is diagnosed, and which non-surgical options — including biologic disc repair — may be appropriate for evaluated candidates.

Veterans with service-connected back or neck pain may be able to access non-surgical spine care—including intra-annular fibrin injection—through the VA Community Care Program when clinically indicated. Eligibility is determined case by case, based on individual diagnosis and medical necessity.